International Journal of Pharmacy Research & Technology (IJPRT)

Amorphous –state Characterization and Dissolution Behaviour of Efavirenz- Tocopheryl Polyethylene Glycol Succinate (TPGS)-1000 Solid Dispersions

JASMINE KAUR RANDHAWA — 2024-04-08

The aim of the present investigation was to enhance the aqueous solubility and dissolution rate of a poorly soluble drug, efavirenz, by preparation of solid dispersions with tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS)-1000, a non - ionic surfactant. Phase solubility studies suggested that the solubility of efavirenz increased with the increase in TPGS concentration.1 absorption. Gibbs free energy (ΔG) were negative, indicatingthe spontaneous nature of efavirenz solubilization. Dispersions in different ratios were prepared using the fusion method and their physicochemical characteristics were investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR), X-ray Powder Diffraction studies(XRPD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM).A drug: carrier ratio of 1:1.5 w/w prepared by cooling the fused mixtures at 5° C showed the highest drug release of 33.27%.It was demonstrated that decrease in crystallinity of the drug and H-bonding between efavirenz and TPGS-1000 might be responsible for the enhanced dissolution rate. Analysis of dissolution data showed the best fitting with Higuchi model.

Diverse Techniques on Digital Image Compression Techniques: A Meta Analysis on Medical Images

C. NANDHINI — 2024-06-21

This paper examines a diverse array of image compression methods. This paper presents a review of existing research papers that are based on an examination of the diverse image compression methods. This paper investigates a diverse array of existing image compression techniques. The compression of binary unprocessed data is significantly different from that of an image. To resolve
these issues, employ a diverse array of image compression techniques. The question of how to compress an image and which techniques are employed may now arise. The two primary methods introduced for this purpose are lossless and lossy image compression techniques. Presently, the fundamental procedure is supplemented by supplementary methodologies. In specific regions,
neural network and wavelet-based algorithms are employed to compress images.

Impact and Significance of Wireless Sensor Network in Health Care: A Systematic Analysis

R.SUDHAKAR — 2024-06-21

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been used in various fields to monitor and collect data by connecting several nodes. This systematic review investigates the role and potential of WSNs in various fields such as environmental sensing, health care, manufacturing, and smart city. In comparison to wired networks, WSNs offer higher scalability, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness.
Some of the areas that have been affected positively include; accuracy in data collection and gathering, response to events of importance, and efficiency in energy usage. Beyond this, the importance of WSNs is also in their suitability for enabling more complex applications such as IoT, as well as in their capacity to enable heterogeneity and integration between different devices. This
analysis gives the recent developments in WSN technologies like low power communication protocols, security and robustness, and network management that improve the effectiveness of WSNs. This research also reveals some limitations, such as a lack of power, data privacy, and the absence of standards. The systematic analysis highlights the importance of WSNs in the enhancement of technology solutions, innovation, and handling of emerging issues in different fields.

The Association between obesity and Increase severity of asthma in pediatric age group in Maternity and Children Teaching Hospital in Diwaniya City

SUZAN SABBAR MUTLAG — 2024-07-09

Background: Childhood obesity has become a significant public health concern worldwide, and its impact on respiratory conditions like as thmais of particular interest.

Aim: this research aims to assess whether obesity is associated with increased severity of asthma symptoms inchildren.

Patients and methods: The questionnaire-based study investigates therelationshipbetween obesity andtheseverity ofasthma in pediatric patients at the Maternity and Children Teaching Hospital in Diwaniya City. Datawere collectedfrom patient admitted to the hospital asinpatient and all ofthem diagnosed asa case ofasthma.The questionnaire consists of 10 questions, included age, sex, weight according toage, height according to age, BMI according to age, numbers of attack per week, type of diet, family history of asthma, level of education of the parents, and socioeconomic status. Findings were analyzed to determine any correlation between body mass index (BMI)and asthma severity.

Findings:Showed higher percentage of patients were at 4 to 5 years of age, being 44.26% to the total. Slightly higher percentage of patients were male (32, 52.46%) compared to females (29, 47.54%). Investigating weight according to age showed (18, 29.5%) patients above the 95th percentile. While height according to age presented patients (43, 70.49%) with normal findings. Investigating BMI according to age showed (17, 27.87%) patients as obese. The number of attacks were the highest in those who their attacks lasted for two weeks (18, 29.51%), and (37, 55.74%) patients were on unhealthy type of food. Most of the patients were with family history, being (44, 72%). Level of education and socioeconomic status were also investigated and showed considerable variations among patients.

Conclusion: findings provided valuable insights into pediatric asthma management strategies, highlighting the importanceof addressing obesity as a potential factorinfluencing disease outcomes.

Season and Ecotype Variation on Phenolic Contents, Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities of Diospyros Mespiliformis

PAWENDE KABRE — 2024-09-11

Phenolic compounds in plants act as free radical scavengers and contribute to diabetes prevention. However, the production of plants is influenced by various factors. This study investigates the impact of season and ecology on the phenolic compound content, as well as the antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities of Diospyros mespiliformis (D. mespiuliformis) extracts.Samples (leaves, stem bark, and roots) were collected from three locations during two seasons. Phenolic compound contents were quantified using the FolinCiocalte ureagent and flavonoid content with aluminum trichloride methods. Antioxidant activity was assessed using chromogen DPPH^•, ABTS^+•, and Fe³⁺. The anti-diabetic potential of the plant was evaluated through α-amylase inhibition and glucose adsorption tests. In leaves and roots, extracts from dry-season samples showed the highest total flavonoid content. In contrast, the wet season was favorable for the production of these compounds in the bark. The DPPH^• and ABTS^+• radical scavenging of the extracts varied according to the season and the place where the samples were harvested (p < 0.05). Fe³⁺chelation activity was higher in dry season samples collected at Dirabakoko. The ethylacetate fraction exhibited the strongest inhibition of α-amylase (IC₅₀=0.185 ± 0.069 mg/mL), while the diethylether fractions demonstrated greater glucose adsorption capacity (366.66 ± 11.57 mM/g). The biomolecules in the ethylacetate and diethylether fractions of that plant could potentially be utilized to prevent oxidative stress and diabetes.