Immune Dysregulation in Vitamin D Deficiency: A Case-Control Analysis of  Inflammatory Cytokines and Cardiovascular and renal Implications

Ali Saqlain Haider, Zobia Shakil, Irfana Hassan, Muhammad Ahmad Raza Butt, Nadeem Abbas, Khadija Kiran, Oluwadamilola Onanuga

doi:10.55529/ijprt.1112

Immune Dysregulation in Vitamin D Deficiency: A Case-Control Analysis of Inflammatory Cytokines and Cardiovascular and renal Implications

Authors

Ali Saqlain Haider, Zobia Shakil, Irfana Hassan, Muhammad Ahmad Raza Butt, Nadeem Abbas, Khadija Kiran, Oluwadamilola Onanuga

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55529/ijprt.1112

Keywords:

vitamin D deficiency; inflammatory cytokines; cardiovascular dysfunction.

Abstract

Deficiency of vitamin D has increasingly been implicated in immune dysregulation and in thepathogenesis of cardiovascular and renal disorders. In this case-control analysis we aimed to investigate the associations

References

Enercioğlu AK. The Anti-Inflammatory Roles of Vitamin D for Improving Immune Function and Reducing Inflammation in Chronic Disease. Molecules. 2024. PMC

Haider F, et al. Vitamin D and Cardiovascular Diseases: An Update. Journal of Clinical Medicine (review). 2023. PMC

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Published

2025-10-28

How to Cite

Ali Saqlain Haider, Zobia Shakil, Irfana Hassan, Muhammad Ahmad Raza Butt, Nadeem Abbas, Khadija Kiran, Oluwadamilola Onanuga. (2025). Immune Dysregulation in Vitamin D Deficiency: A Case-Control Analysis of Inflammatory Cytokines and Cardiovascular and renal Implications. International Journal of Pharmacy Research & Technology (IJPRT), 15(2), 2744–2751. https://doi.org/10.55529/ijprt.1112