Spectrum of Bichemical Alterations in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease

Abstract

Background: Chronic liver disease (CLD) encompasses a spectrum of hepatic pathologies, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), and chronic viral hepatitis, leading to significant biochemical alterations. This study aims to delineate the biochemical profile across various stages of CLD.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 135 patients diagnosed with CLD, categorized into NAFLD (n=45), ALD (n=45), and chronic viral hepatitis (n=45). Biochemical parameters assessed included liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP, GGT), bilirubin levels, albumin, prothrombin time (PT), and renal function markers (creatinine, urea).

Results: Elevated levels of ALT and AST were predominant in ALD and chronic viral hepatitis groups. NAFLD patients exhibited increased GGT and ALP levels. Bilirubin levels were significantly higher in chronic viral hepatitis cases. Albumin levels were reduced across all groups, with the lowest in chronic viral hepatitis. Prolonged PT was observed in ALD and chronic viral hepatitis patients.

Conclusion: Distinct biochemical alterations characterize different etiologies of CLD. These findings underscore the importance of tailored diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for effective management.