A Rare Case of Higher Division of Tibial Nerve: Clinical Implications and Anatomical Considerations

Abstract

Introduction: The tibial nerve, a prominent branch of the sciatic nerve, serves as a principal neural pathway supplying the musculature of the posterior leg. Upon division, it gives rise to the medial and lateral plantar nerves, the precise location of which holds significance for surgical interventions. This study aims to document a specific division pattern of the tibial nerve and discuss its clinical implications. Case Report: During routine cadaveric dissection of the posterior thigh and leg compartments, an anomalous variation of the tibial nerve was observed in a male cadaver. Notably, the tibial nerve divided 6.2 cm proximal to the medial malleolus on the left side, while other neurovascular structures exhibited typical morphology.

Conclusion: This case highlights a superficial course of the tibial nerve in an Indian cadaver, revealing a rare instance of higher division. Such occurrences are exceedingly uncommon, with only a few documented cases reported till date. The clinical relevance of this unique finding lies in its potential implications for surgical planning and the understanding of foot andankle nerve anatomy, particularly in the context of compression syndromes. This report contributes valuable insights to the field of anatomical variation and underscores the importance of thorough anatomical knowledge in clinical practice.