Association Between Tobacco Chewing Habits and Leukoplakia in Low Income Urban Communities

Farah Shakeel, Naqshe Maheen, Muhammad Wahid Saleem, Menaal, Muhammad Azhar Khan, Sarah Waheed Butt, Jarin Tasnim, Ankita Poudel

Association Between Tobacco Chewing Habits and Leukoplakia in Low Income Urban Communities

Authors

Farah Shakeel, Naqshe Maheen, Muhammad Wahid Saleem, Menaal, Muhammad Azhar Khan, Sarah Waheed Butt, Jarin Tasnim, Ankita Poudel

Keywords:

tobacco chewing, leukoplakia, smokeless tobacco, low-income urban, oral premalignant lesions.

Abstract

Background: Chewable tobacco remains endemic in many South-Asian low-incomeurban communities and is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of oral potentially malignant disorders, particularly leukoplakia

References

Khanna D, et al. Prevalence of oral potentially malignant lesions, tobacco use and screening outcomes: a community study. BMC Oral Health. 2024;24

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Published

2025-11-13

How to Cite

Farah Shakeel, Naqshe Maheen, Muhammad Wahid Saleem, Menaal, Muhammad Azhar Khan, Sarah Waheed Butt, Jarin Tasnim, Ankita Poudel. (2025). Association Between Tobacco Chewing Habits and Leukoplakia in Low Income Urban Communities . International Journal of Pharmacy Research & Technology (IJPRT), 15(2), 3237–3246. Retrieved from https://ijprt.org/index.php/pub/article/view/1187