Comparative Analysis of E-Cigarette Device Type, E-Liquid  Constituents, and Daily Exposure Duration on Periodontal  Inflammation and Clinical Attachment Loss

Salman Khan, Syeda Kinza Asghar, Shah Faisal, Qaswa Iftikhar, Syeda Areej Fatima, Resham Hafeez

Comparative Analysis of E-Cigarette Device Type, E-Liquid Constituents, and Daily Exposure Duration on Periodontal Inflammation and Clinical Attachment Loss

Authors

Salman Khan, Syeda Kinza Asghar, Shah Faisal, Qaswa Iftikhar, Syeda Areej Fatima, Resham Hafeez

Keywords:

Electronic Cigarette, Periodontal Inflammation, Exposure, Attachment

Abstract

This study aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of how various types of e-cigarette devices, e-liquidcomponents, and e-cigarette exposure duration influence periodontal inflammation and clinical attachment loss in adult users.

References

Arnson Y, Shoenfeld Y, Amital H. Effects of tobacco smoke on immunity, inflammation, and autoimmunity. Journal of Autoimmunity. 2010;34(3):J258–J265.

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Published

2025-12-08

How to Cite

Salman Khan, Syeda Kinza Asghar, Shah Faisal, Qaswa Iftikhar, Syeda Areej Fatima, Resham Hafeez. (2025). Comparative Analysis of E-Cigarette Device Type, E-Liquid Constituents, and Daily Exposure Duration on Periodontal Inflammation and Clinical Attachment Loss . International Journal of Pharmacy Research & Technology (IJPRT), 15(2), 3986–3992. Retrieved from https://ijprt.org/index.php/pub/article/view/1355