A Case Report On Carcinoma of the Left Maxillary Sinus in an Elderly Patient

Abstract

Background: Maxillary sinus carcinoma is a relatively rare head and neck cancer malignancy but frequently appears in the advanced setting owing to initially non-specific symptoms. Tumors in this area can extend into the nasal cavity, oral cavity, orbit, and adjacent bony structures, often causing diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties. Case Presentation: We report the case of an 81-year-old woman who presented with progressive left-sided nasal blockage, episodic epistaxis, and ill-defined left midfacial swelling. MRI and PET-CT scan were found to reveal a heterogeneous soft-tissue mass originating from the left maxillary sinus with intranasal extension and erosions in the multiple bony walls. Histopathological assessment of biopsy tissues revealed a microcystic patterned malignant tumor; immunohistochemistry was recommended for further categorizing the neoplasm to conclusion. Conclusion: This case highlights the value of a high index of suspicion and thorough diagnostic imaging in the identification of malignant pathologies of the maxillary sinus. Surgical excision with adjunctive therapy is still the cornerstone of treatment, but care needs to be individualized according to tumor type, extent, and patient circumstances. This case contributes to the literature detailing the wide ranging presentations and therapeutic paradigms of maxillary sinus carcinoma, highlighting the importance of multidisciplinary management and early diagnosis.