Comparative Efficacy of Tamsulosin and Finasteride in the Management of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Due To Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Abstract

Background: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent condition affecting elderly males, characterized by lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) that significantly impair quality of life. Tamsulosin, an alpha-blocker, and Finasteride, a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, are commonly prescribed for BPH management. However, comparative analyses of their efficacy and safety profiles are essential for optimal therapeutic strategies. Objective: To compare the efficacy of Tamsulosin and Finasteride in the management of LUTS associated with BPH. Methods: This prospective, randomized clinical trial involved 180 men diagnosed with BPH, evenly divided into two treatment groups: Tamsulosin and Finasteride. The primary outcomes measured were changes in the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax). Secondary outcomes included the assessment of drug-related side effects. Data were analyzed using t-tests for continuous variables and chi-square tests for categorical variables. Results: Both Tamsulosin and Finasteride significantly improved IPSS and Qmax compared to baseline. However, Tamsulosin demonstrated a significantly greater improvement in Qmax (p=0.003) and IPSS (p=0.014) than Finasteride. Regarding safety profiles, Tamsulosin was associated with a higher incidence of dizziness, whereas Finasteride showed a significant increase in sexual dysfunction, including decreased libido (p=0.001). Conclusion: Tamsulosin may offer superior efficacy in improving urinary flow and symptom scores in men with BPH compared to Finasteride. However, side effects such as dizziness and sexual dysfunction must be carefully considered when prescribing these medications. These findings support the need for individualized treatment planning based on patient-specific symptoms and side effect profiles.