Retrospective Study and Radio-Pathological Correlation of Spectrum of Pulmonary Lesions in Tertiary Care Centre

Abstract

Introduction: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, with varying clinical presentations and radiological patterns. Early detection is critical for improving patient outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the clinical, radiological, and histopathological characteristics of lung lesions in a rural atertiary care hospital.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 41 patients diagnosed with lung lesions between January 2022 and October 2024 at B.K.L Walawalkar Rural Medical College and Hospital was conducted. Demographic data, clinical complaints, CT scan findings, and histopathological results were reviewed and correlated.

Results: The study population consisted of 18 males and 23 females, with the majority aged above 60 years. Cough was the most common symptom, followed by chest pain and hoarseness. Radiologically, peripheral masses were the predominant pattern (58.53%), with adenocarcinoma being the most frequent histopathological diagnosis (70.73%). Lesions typically ranged from 1.1 to 2.0 cm in size. The right lung upper lobe was the most common site of involvement.

Conclusion: The findings from this study are consistent with global trends in lung cancer presentation, with adenocarcinoma being the predominant type and peripheral masses being the most common radiological feature. This highlights the importance of early detection and imaging techniques for diagnosing lung cancer, particularly in rural settings where clinical presentation may be delayed.