A Comparison of Changes in Anterior Chamber Angle, Anterior Chamber Depth and Iop after Phacoemulsification in Normotensive Cataract Patients

Abstract

Background: Phacoemulsification induces anatomical changes in the anterior segment that may influence intraocular pressure (IOP) even in eyes without glaucoma.

Aims: To evaluate changes in anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber angle (ACA), and IOP following phacoemulsification in normotensive senile cataract patients and to assess correlations between anatomical changes and IOP reduction.

Methods: A Prospective Observational Study of Fifty eyes with senile cataract undergoing uncomplicated phacoemulsification were included. IOP was measured using Goldmann applanation tonometry. ACA was assessed in four quadrants using Goldmann four-mirror gonioscopy, and ACD was measured using A-scan ultrasonography. Measurements were recorded preoperatively and at 1, 2, and 6 months postoperatively.

Results: Mean IOP decreased significantly from 18.6 ± 3.1 mmHg preoperatively to 14.2 ± 2.6 mmHg at 6 months (p<0.001). Mean ACD increased from 2.73 ± 0.32 mm to 3.43 ± 0.36 mm (p<0.001). ACA widened significantly in all quadrants postoperatively (p<0.001). IOP reduction correlated significantly with higher preoperative IOP but not with changes in ACD or ACA.

Conclusions: Phacoemulsification in normotensive eyes significantly deepens the anterior chamber, widens the anterior chamber angle, and reduces IOP, providing benefits beyond visual rehabilitation.