Unlocking Local Potential: A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Mechanical, Physical, and Clinical Properties of Pakistani-Made Dental Composites

Abstract

Objective: To assess and compare the mechanical, physical, and simulated clinical behavior of locally available dental composite resins.

Methods: In this one-year experimental study, 200 composite specimens were prepared from four brands available in Pakistan (n = 50 each). Specimens were prepared as per standard procedures. Tests included mechanical properties (compressive strength, flexural strength, surface hardness), physical properties (water sorption, solubility), and clinical performance (wear resistance, surface degradation). The data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26. Comparisons between groups were made using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.

Results: There were statistically significant differences (p < 0.001) between the four brands of composite resin for all parameters. Brand C had the highest compressive strength (285.3 ± 22.4 MPa), flexural strength (120.7 ± 11.1 MPa), and surface hardness (72.6 ± 6.3 VHN), as well as the least water sorption and solubility. It also exhibited good wear resistance and surface integrity. Brand A showed relatively lower values for all the properties.

Conclusion: Dental composites from Pakistan exhibited mixed results. Some materials had the potential to be used with at least equal properties as international brands, showing the capability of local brands; however, it is advised to test these materials clinically.