Maternal Thyroid Biochemistry in Pregnancy and Its  Relationship with Physiological Changes and Infant  Developmental Outcomes

Ommia Kalsoom, Muhammad Zahid, Muhammad Salman Khan, Amber Zaidi, Iffat Mushtaq, Fazal Rahim

Maternal Thyroid Biochemistry in Pregnancy and Its Relationship with Physiological Changes and Infant Developmental Outcomes

Authors

Ommia Kalsoom, Muhammad Zahid, Muhammad Salman Khan, Amber Zaidi, Iffat Mushtaq, Fazal Rahim

Keywords:

Maternal thyroid dysfunction, pregnancy, TSH, FT4, birth weight, developmental delay, infant milestones.

Abstract

Background: Maternal thyroid hormones have been demonstrated to be critical for normal pregnancyphysiology, fetal growth and early neurodevelopment. Thyroid biochemical status can change duringpregnancy due to changes in thyroid hormone needs, iodine needs and maternal metabolism.Undiagnosed or undiagnosed and untreated thyroid disease can lead to poor maternal, neonatal and infant developmental outcomes

References

1. Lucaccioni L, Ficara M, Cenciarelli V, Berardi A, Predieri B, Iughetti L. Long term outcomes of infants born by mothers with thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy. 2020;92(1):e2021010

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Published

2026-05-06

How to Cite

Ommia Kalsoom, Muhammad Zahid, Muhammad Salman Khan, Amber Zaidi, Iffat Mushtaq, Fazal Rahim. (2026). Maternal Thyroid Biochemistry in Pregnancy and Its Relationship with Physiological Changes and Infant Developmental Outcomes. International Journal of Pharmacy Research & Technology (IJPRT), 16(1), 2683–2691. Retrieved from https://ijprt.org/index.php/pub/article/view/1934