Anatomical Factors Associated with Conversion from  Laparoscopic to Open Cholecystectomy Surgery

Wasim Ahmad, Ghulam Mustafa, Faiez Shafique, Mehak Shafiq, Amber Shami, Quratulain Bugti

Anatomical Factors Associated with Conversion from Laparoscopic to Open Cholecystectomy Surgery

Authors

Wasim Ahmad, Ghulam Mustafa, Faiez Shafique, Mehak Shafiq, Amber Shami, Quratulain Bugti

Keywords:

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, open cholecystectomy, conversion, Calot’s triangle, dense adhesions, gallbladder, critical view of safety.

Abstract

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the recommended surgery for symptomatic gallstonedisease and cholecystitis, due to diminished postoperative pain, reduced hospital stay and quickerrecovery. But, if anatomical distortion, inflammation, or adhesions or unclear biliary anatomy is present, laparoscopic dissection may be impossible, and conversion to open cholecystectomy may be necessary

References

1. Warchałowski Ł, Łuszczki E, Bartosiewicz A, Dereń K, Warchałowska M, Oleksy Ł, et al. The analysis of risk factors in the conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy. 2020;17(20):7571.

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Published

2026-05-14

How to Cite

Wasim Ahmad, Ghulam Mustafa, Faiez Shafique, Mehak Shafiq, Amber Shami, Quratulain Bugti. (2026). Anatomical Factors Associated with Conversion from Laparoscopic to Open Cholecystectomy Surgery . International Journal of Pharmacy Research & Technology (IJPRT), 16(1), 3148–3156. Retrieved from https://ijprt.org/index.php/pub/article/view/1995