Determinants of Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Breast Cancer:  Association with Imaging Characteristics, Histopathological Features,  Microbiological Findings, Therapeutic Management, and Clinical Outcomes

Nabila Salamat, Madeeha Amanullah, Muhammad Naukhaiz Khan, Muhammad Sher Gul Khan, Inayat Husain Anjum, Saeeda Nabat Ul Hassan

Determinants of Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Breast Cancer: Association with Imaging Characteristics, Histopathological Features, Microbiological Findings, Therapeutic Management, and Clinical Outcomes

Authors

Nabila Salamat, Madeeha Amanullah, Muhammad Naukhaiz Khan, Muhammad Sher Gul Khan, Inayat Husain Anjum, Saeeda Nabat Ul Hassan

Keywords:

Axillary lymph node metastasis, breast cancer, ultrasound characteristics, lymphovascularinvasion,neoadjuvant therapy

Abstract

Evaluating axillary lymph node status inprimary breast cancer remains crucial forclinical staging, surgical management, and long-term therapeutic planning. Thisprospective observational cohort studyevaluated radiological, pathological, microbiological, and therapeutic determinants of axillary lymph nodemetastasis in three hundred and fifty

References

1. Kablak-Ziembicka A, Przewlocki T. Clinical significance of carotid intima-media complex and carotid plaque assessment by ultrasound for the prediction of adverse cardiovascular events in primary and secondary care patients. J Clin Med. 2021; 10 (20): 4628. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10204628

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Published

2026-08-11

How to Cite

Nabila Salamat, Madeeha Amanullah, Muhammad Naukhaiz Khan, Muhammad Sher Gul Khan, Inayat Husain Anjum, Saeeda Nabat Ul Hassan. (2026). Determinants of Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Breast Cancer: Association with Imaging Characteristics, Histopathological Features, Microbiological Findings, Therapeutic Management, and Clinical Outcomes . International Journal of Pharmacy Research & Technology (IJPRT), 16(2), 2497–2508. Retrieved from https://ijprt.org/index.php/pub/article/view/2716