Clinical Profile, Surgical Indications, Perioperative Characteristics, and Postoperative Outcomes among Women Undergoing Hysterectomy in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Prospective Observational Study

Abstract

Background: Hysterectomy is one of the most frequently performed major gynecological surgeries for the management of benign uterine disorders. Evaluating the demographic profile, clinical indications, operative characteristics, histopathological findings, and postoperative outcomes helps optimize patient selection and improve surgical care.

Methods: This hospital-based observational study included 92 women who underwent hysterectomy for benign gynecological conditions at a tertiary care center. Data regarding demographic characteristics, presenting symptoms, obstetric history, menstrual status, preoperative evaluation, indications for surgery, type of hysterectomy, intraoperative findings, operative duration, blood loss, postoperative complications, duration of hospital stay, and histopathological examination were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results: The mean age of the participants was 53.45±2.95 years, with the majority (70.65%) belonging to the 41–50-year age group. Heavy menstrual bleeding was the most common presenting complaint (51.09%). Most patients had a previous normal vaginal delivery (59.78%). The mean uterine size was 13.63±10.45 weeks. Most procedures were completed within 60–90 minutes (75.0%), and estimated intraoperative blood loss was less than 100 mL in 50.0% of cases. More than half of the patients (56.52%) had a postoperative hospital stay of 6–10 days. Leiomyoma constituted the most frequent indication for hysterectomy and was the predominant histopathological diagnosis. Postoperative morbidity was low, with surgical site infection and dysuria representing the most commonly encountered complications.

Conclusion: Hysterectomy remains a safe and effective surgical treatment for benign gynecological disorders. Leiomyoma was the leading indication for surgery, while operative outcomes and postoperative recovery were favorable with minimal complications. Histopathological evaluation continues to play an essential role in confirming clinical diagnoses and guiding postoperative management.